Explore 2000 years of history and civilization in a region where the Roman imprint is omnipresent. Discovering the history of each village and its architecture is an enriching experience. Vaucluse has had a unique and eventful history, which has given it a strong and original identity, and the creation of the department of Vaucluse was not so straightforward.
Vaison-la-Romaine was a prosperous Roman town, as evidenced by the remains of rich houses and the quality of the decoration of monuments still visible today.
Thanks to its location in the heart of the Côtes du Rhône and on the Agrippa Road, Orange has remained an important stopping-off point since Antiquity. Its Ancient Theatre owes its fame to the exceptional preservation of its stage wall.
The Museum of Art and History, housed in a 17th-century town house, has a Gallo-Roman section and a section devoted to the history of Orange, from prehistory to the present day.
The Papal possessions, Avignon and the Comtat Venaissin were attached to France on 14 September 1791. On 28 March 1792, these territories formed two new districts, Avignon in the Bouches-du-Rhône and Carpentras in the Drôme.
In the spring of 1793, Marseille took the lead in the federalist movement against the Convention, which quickly spread throughout the region. To counter this, and relying on the loyal stronghold of Avignon, the National Convention decided to dismember the Bouches-du-Rhône and Drôme departments, creating an 87th department by decree on 25 June 1793, which was renamed Vaucluse.
In 1800, under Bonaparte, the Consulate created the post of Prefect. The latter held sole executive power. The General Council was then merely a deliberative assembly.
From 1800 to 1833, the General Councilors were appointed by the State. They were elected by universal suffrage from 1848 onwards.
The law of 10 August 1871 went further and made the Department a territorial authority.